{"id":18104,"date":"2021-09-14T08:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-09-14T15:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/orato.world\/2021\/09\/14\/el-ganador-del-premio-nobel-de-la-paz-sobrevivio-a-la-tortura-de-la-dictadura-militar-argentina\/"},"modified":"2022-04-20T07:38:54","modified_gmt":"2022-04-20T14:38:54","slug":"el-ganador-del-premio-nobel-de-la-paz-sobrevivio-a-la-tortura-de-la-dictadura-militar-argentina","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/orato.world\/es\/2021\/09\/14\/el-ganador-del-premio-nobel-de-la-paz-sobrevivio-a-la-tortura-de-la-dictadura-militar-argentina\/","title":{"rendered":"El ganador del Premio Nobel de la Paz sobrevivi\u00f3 a la tortura de la dictadura militar argentina"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Interview Subject<\/div>
Adolfo P\u00e9rez Esquivel was born on November 26, 1931 in Buenos Aires, Argentina. He is 89 years old. An Argentine activist, sculptor, and painter, Adolfo won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1980 for outstanding defense of human rights. He fought for the free, self-determination of his people and was a proponent of resistance as part of his liberation theology.

The Nobel Prize honored his commitment to the defense of Democracy and Human Rights by non-violent means against the military dictatorships in Latin America. His activism landed him in prison, arrested unjustly, where he was tortured but escaped.

Today he still fights for human rights all over the world.<\/div><\/div>
Background<\/div>
The National Reorganization Process (PRN), or simply the \u00abProcess,\u00bb was a civic-military dictatorship that ruled the Argentine Republic between March 24, 1976, and the unconditional handover of power to a constitutional government from March to December of 1983.

It took the form of a bureaucratic-authoritarian state and was characterized by establishing a \u00absystematic plan\u00bb of state terrorism and the disappearance of persons.

It began with the coup d’\u00e9tat of March 24, 1976, carried out by the Armed Forces and civil sectors consisting mainly of the business community and the Catholic Church. The coup overthrew all the constitutional, national, provincial authorities, including President Mar\u00eda Estela Mart\u00ednez.

They imposed in her place a Military Junta made up of the three commanders of the Armed Forces, which issued various rules of supra-constitutional hierarchy. They appointed an official military with the sum of the executive and legislative powers, of the Nation and the provinces, who received the title of \u00abpresident,\u00bb and five civil servants who occupied the Supreme Court.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\n\n\n

BUENOS AIRES, Argentina – El 4 de abril de 1977 renov\u00e9 mi pasaporte en el Departamento Central de la Polic\u00eda Federal Argentina.\r\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trabajaba con el Servicio de Justicia y Paz<\/a>, un movimiento latinoamericano que aboga por la paz y los derechos humanos a trav\u00e9s de la no violencia activa. Luch\u00e1bamos contra la opresi\u00f3n del pueblo latinoamericano por dictaduras militares.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En el Departamento de Polic\u00eda, sin proceso judicial, fui arrestado. Nunca imagin\u00e9 que este se convertir\u00eda en el peor momento de mi vida. Estuve detenido y fui torturado durante 14 meses.\r\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La angustia me consumi\u00f3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

La tortura es una pr\u00e1ctica arcaica. Te destruye f\u00edsicamente y te ataca emocional y psicol\u00f3gicamente. La desolaci\u00f3n profunda y la humillaci\u00f3n son peores que el dolor f\u00edsico.\r\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Como preso pol\u00edtico, mis captores a menudo buscaban humillarme para quebrarme mental y f\u00edsicamente. En los peores momentos, sent\u00eda una angustia infinita. Estaba paralizado, ahogado por la confusi\u00f3n. Despu\u00e9s llegaba la culpa donde me cuestionaba por llegar a ese punto.\r\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Me refugi\u00e9 en una sola foto que ten\u00eda de mi familia. Los extra\u00f1aba con todas mis fuerzas. Necesitaba estar con ellos. Me preguntaba todo el tiempo c\u00f3mo estaban.\r\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mientras estaba en \u00abel tubo\u00bb, una celda muy peque\u00f1a, sucia y maloliente, un oficial me dijo: \u00abNi Dios no te va a salvar\u00bb.\r\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prisioneros asesinados en \u00abvuelos de la muerte\u00bb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Cuando menciono los \u00abvuelos de la muerte\u00bb, se me eriza la piel y se me llenan los ojos de l\u00e1grimas. En estos viajes, los militares arrojaban a la gente en pleno vuelo. A pesar de todas las torturas que soport\u00e9, nunca pens\u00e9 que ser\u00eda testigo de una situaci\u00f3n tan atroz, deshumanizante y despiadada.\r\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Durante el ascenso, no dijeron a d\u00f3nde me dirig\u00eda. Me di cuenta de que la aeronave volaba en c\u00edrculos porque reconoc\u00ed las ciudades de La Plata, Montevideo y Colonia.\r\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sin dudarlo, me atrev\u00ed a preguntar qu\u00e9 me pasar\u00eda. No dieron respuesta. Trat\u00e9 de mantenerme psicol\u00f3gicamente completo, pero la muerte estaba cerca. A pesar de mi ansiedad y sensaci\u00f3n de impotencia, trabaj\u00e9 duro para mantener mi cordura y conectarme con mis ideales.\r\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El clima se estaba volviendo m\u00e1s fr\u00edo y la atm\u00f3sfera m\u00e1s tensa. Luego de dos horas de dar vueltas, el avi\u00f3n aterriz\u00f3 en la Base A\u00e9rea El Palomar.\r\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Solt\u00e9 un suspiro de alivio. Hab\u00eda sobrevivido. A pesar de eso, me sent\u00eda cansado y asqueado por ser testigo de tantos cr\u00edmenes e injusticias.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cautivo escapa Gobierno argentino galardonado con el Premio Nobel de la Paz<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Dos d\u00edas antes del Mundial de 1978, organizado por Argentina, uno de mis captores, me liber\u00f3.\r\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ese d\u00eda, sal\u00ed de la unidad nueve y el agente que me escoltaba se detuvo para cargar gasolina. Me quit\u00f3 las esposas, dej\u00f3 una pistola en el asiento y sali\u00f3 del veh\u00edculo. Mi mente estaba llena de preguntas.\r\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aunque quer\u00eda tomar el arma y huir, sab\u00eda que muchos prisioneros murieron en supuestos intentos de fuga. Decid\u00ed exponer mis manos y, cuando el oficial regres\u00f3, le avis\u00e9 que se hab\u00eda olvidado el arma.\r\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Seguimos nuestro camino y me sent\u00eda inseguro. Varias millas m\u00e1s tarde, en medio de un campo, el Ford Falcon verde se detuvo. El oficial me dijo que me fuera. Casi sin respirar, hu\u00ed, mi mirada perdida y semi-paralizada.\r\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

No recuerdo lo que pas\u00f3 en las horas siguientes. Mi pr\u00f3ximo recuerdo es volver a casa y abrazar a mi esposa. Estuve detenido durante 14 meses y me mantuvieron bajo vigilancia durante otros 14 meses despu\u00e9s de eso.\r\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Descubr\u00ed que organizaciones internacionales hab\u00edan presionado al gobierno para que me liberara. El gobierno no quiso cumplir. Mientras estaba preso, los guardias me dec\u00edan: \u201cTe marchar\u00e1s de aqu\u00ed con los pies hacia adelante\u201d [expresi\u00f3n argentina que significa que te dejar\u00e1n ir muerto o en un ata\u00fad].\r\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Despu\u00e9s de haber sobrevivido a tantas transgresiones, lleg\u00f3 mi recompensa: me concedieron el Premio Nobel de la Paz. Lo recib\u00ed con gran orgullo y alegr\u00eda.\r\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Conf\u00edo en que mi gente recuerde lo que pas\u00f3, qui\u00e9n lo hizo y cu\u00e1les fueron sus motivos. Conocer la historia nos encamina hacia el progreso. Garantiza que no permitamos que estos eventos vuelvan a ocurrir.\r\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

En su discurso como Premio Nobel de la Paz, Aldolfo P\u00e9rez Esquivel dijo \u00abLas luces y las sombras de la vida deben ser compartidas\u00bb.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":102,"featured_media":18020,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2771,163],"tags":[193,1976,2214,1978,1975,1977],"class_list":["post-18104","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-latinoamerica","category-sin-categorizar","tag-argentina-es","tag-buenos-aires-es","tag-latinoamerica","tag-policia-federal-argentina","tag-premio-nobel-de-la-paz","tag-servicio-de-justicia-y-paz"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEl ganador del Premio Nobel de la Paz sobrevivi\u00f3 a la tortura de la dictadura militar argentina - Orato<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"En su 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